Editorial Board

R. Beig, Vienna, Austria

J. Ehlers, Potsdam, Germany

U. Frisch, Nice, France

K. Hepp, Zurich, Switzerland

R. L. Jaffe, Cambridge, MA, USA

R. Kippenhahn, Göttingen, Germany

I. Ojima, Kyoto, Japan

H. A. Weidenmtiller, Heidelberg, Germany

J. Wess, Mtinchen, Germany

J. Zittartz, Köln, Germany

Managing Editor

W. Beiglböck

Assisted by Mrs. Edwina Pfendbach

c/o Springer-Verlag, Physics Editorial Department II Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany

Springer

Ph. Blanchard A. Jadczyk (Eds.)

Quantum Future

From Volta and Como to the Present and Beyond

Proceedings of the Xth Max Born Symposium

Held in Przesieka, Poland, 24-27 September 1997

  Preface

The Xth Max Born Symposium "Quantum Future", organized by the Universities of Wroclaw and Bielefeld, took place September 24-27, 1997 in Przesieka, Poland. This was the 70th anniversary of the Volta meeting in Como and of the Vth Solvay conference in Brussels during which the dialogue between Bohr and Einstein started. Inspired by these great events we were determined to discuss the most important experimental and theoretical results on quantum theory, including applications to physics, as well as beyond physics. It is in this same spirit that we have attempted to bring this book up to date.

The achievements of quantum physics during this century and its undisputed success and influence are indeed impressive. The quantum revolution has completely changed our perception of matter and our picture of the physical world. Nevertheless many different views persist regarding the conventional interpretations of quantum theory. The source of this plethora of interpretations is, perhaps, the fact that "standard" interpretations of quantum theory are not satisfactory and it is becoming increasingly apparent that an alternative physical theory may be needed.

But, as so many books have been composed of discussions based on experimental, theoretical, or philosophical viewpoints with little reference to their interrelation, it seems appropriate to attempt to obtain a more balanced picture of all the elements which must be taken into account.

Many of the presentations given at the symposium have been recreated in written form for this volume. The 14 papers that compose this compendium capture and cover a wide variety of viewpoints and backgrounds. Some papers are concerned primarily with the main experimental issues; other contributions focus on theoretical or philosophical questions. There are also articles aimed at a systematic analysis of ways in which quantum physics can be connected to the neurosciences and consciousness research.

In addition to the papers included in this volume, the following invited presentations were given:

I. Bialynicki-Birula (Warsaw): "Rotational Frequency Shift"

D. Dürr (Munich): "Quantum Theory Without Observers"

B. Mielnik (Warsaw): "Quantum Measurement: Walk in the Dark"

G. Vitiello (Salerno): "Quantum Dissipation and Brain Dynamics"

H. Weinfurter (Innsbruck): "Quantum Entanglement, Randomness and Information"

In addition to these invited lectures, there were also informal seminars given by P. Bussey, P. Gonzalez-Diaz, A. Kracklauer, R. Olkiewicz, A. Orlowski, A. Rushhaupt, W. Slomczynski, L. Vacchini and F. Winterberg and lively discussions among all the participants.

This volume provides in-depth discussion on a number of unsolved problems relating to technical as well as conceptual issues which may be significant in fields of science beyond theoretical and experimental physics and mathematics, and in the fields of foundations of quantum theory and philosophy of science. We hope that it helps and inspires scientists of all disciplines to study the literature, and to follow threads revealed in the lectures assembled from this commemoration of the dialogue between Einstein and Bohr, the Xth Max Born Symposium.

In closing we would like to thank the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG), the Haereus foundation, the Polish Ministry of Education and the Polish Academy of Science, and the Universities of Bielefeld and Wroclaw for funding the Symposium. It is also a pleasure for us to thank Dr. Andrzej Borowiec, Dr. Wojciech Cegla and Bärbel Jahns for their organizing work and, last but not least, Hannelore Litschewsky for helping us to prepare the manuscripts. We cannot close without thanking speakers and participants for their manifold contributions.

Bielefeld,

December 1998

Philippe Blanchard Arkadiusz Jadczyk

Contents

Continuous Fuzzy Measurements and Visualization

List of Participants

Audretsch, J. juergen.audretsch@uni-konstanz.de
Fakultät für Physik, Universität Konstanz, Postfach 5560 M674, D-78434 Konstanz, Germany,

Carmichael, H.J. howard@optica.uoregon.edu
Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97493-1274, USA,

D'Espagnat, B. calvet@qcd.th.u-psud.fr
Laboratoire de Physique et Theorique et Hautes Energies, Universite de Paris-Sud, Batiment 210, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France,

Faisal, F.H.M. ffaisal@physik.uni-bielefeld.de
Fakultät för Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany,

Haag, R. secr@esi.ac.at
Waldschmidt Strasse 4 b, D-83727 Schliersee-Neuhaus, Germany,

Haroche, S. serge.haroche@physique.ens.fr
Department de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France,

Hepp, K. khepp@itp.phys.ethz.ch
Insitute for Theoretical Physics, ETHZ, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland,

Kiefer, C. kiefer@phyql.physik.uni-freiburg.de
Fakultät für Physik, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany,

Klauder, J. klauder@phys.ufl.edu
Departments of Physics and Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA,

Lyre, H. holger.lyre@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
Insitut für Philosophie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany,

Omnes, R. omnes@stat.th.u-psud.fr
Laboratoire de Physique Thorique et Hautes Energies, Universite de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France,

Stapp, H. hstapp@lbl, gov
Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA,